Stephanie received a bachelor's degree in psychology from the University of South Carolina and a graduate certificate in science communication from the University of California, Santa Cruz. Nature 321, 755758 (1986). Nature, international weekly journal of science. In doing so, they hoped to answer a question of worldwide importance: just how secure is the ice of West Antarctica? Also, it was common knowledge that planes were forbidden to fly directly above the north pole. As always you can unsubscribe at any time. A legend among those in the know was that Adolph Hitler did not die due to a suicide in 1945, but fled to Argentina, to an SS base carved under the ice in New Swabia during the very early 1950s, where he resumed his passion as a painter. We also may change the frequency you receive our emails from us in order to keep you up to date and give you the best relevant information possible. Other co-authors on the paper are Kent Moore at the University of Toronto, who was the 2016-17 Canada Fulbright Visiting Chair in Arctic Studies at the UW; Casey Brayton at the University of South Carolina; and Lynne Talley and Matthew Mazloff from Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego. Concerns were raised, really, in the 1960s and 70s that substances that we were manufacturing, in particular chlorofluorocarbons the CFCs might put chlorine high into the atmosphere where it could then photocatalytically interact with the ozone and destroy ozone. And that could provide another chance to investigate when this area was free of ice in the past, says Scherer: Im very interested to see what the Kiwis find., Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic SocietyCopyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. She was previously a senior writer for Live Science but is now a freelancer based in Denver, Colorado, and regularly contributes to Scientific American and The Monitor, the monthlymagazine of the American Psychological Association. During WWII, it was a sanctuary for U-Boats and remained one of the few areas in the oceans bereft of a strong Allied military presence. 101, 38853890 (1996). But once it does, we have the knowledge and the technology to do something about it. Former Navy fighter pilot Ryan Graves tells CNN's Alisyn Camerota about his unit's experiences with UFOs and explains the problems they can pose for military and commercial aviation. Many models show that the winds circling Antarctica will become stronger and draw closer to the coast the new paper suggests this would encourage more polynyas to form, not fewer. Im really trying to figure out what happened, said Munn. Who was this this man, widely considered the greatest polar explorer or the twentieth century, Admiral Richard Byrd? He allegedly made the bizarre sightings between 1983 and 1997 when he was stationed with the Antarctic Development Squadron. Satellite observations have confirmed a progressive deterioration in the Earths protective ozone layer above Antarctica, according to scientists. Scientists have discovered two new lakes buried deep beneath the Antarctic Ice Sheet. Admiral Richard Byrdproved not only a great explorer who had enough integrity to lead massive explorations of both poles, but sufficient character to tell the world what the government did not want him to reveal. New York, 10, 94519472 (2010). But the question of how these animals get food will have to wait until another scientific expedition can visit the spot, perhaps equipped with a remotely operated underwater vehicle that can recover samples of the animals. January 31, 2019 / 12:23 PM Some of the Special Reports available at the Many are military veterans. A ski-mounted Twin Otter aircraft ferried them 220 miles from the nearest base, landing near the middle of the Ross Ice Shelfthe massive slab of ice and snow, as flat and empty as a prairie, that hangs off the coastline of West Antarctica and floats on the ocean. "As more heat and water get under the glacier, it melts faster.". Watch: Scientists from New Zealand peer beneath the ice. ", Related: Photos of Antarctica: The ice-covered bottom of the world. In 1925 there was a singular man on a mission to explore desolate lands rarely seen by humans to that time Admiral Richard Byrd. They focused on three areas with good satellite coverage and known active lakes: the boundary between the Mercer and Whillans ice streams in West Antarctica; the lower MacAyeal Ice Stream, also in West Antarctica; and the upper Academy Glacier in East Antarctica. They claimed that to be the protectors of planet Earth to protect its inhabitants from the scurrilous activities of the power brokers and nefarious government agencies with impure agendas. Nature 557, 413417 (2018). Their findings transformed the fields of atmospheric science and chemical kinetics, and led to global changes in environmental policy. How did this mountain lion reach an uninhabited island? It seems to not only be melting on the ocean edges, but also from underneath, and warmer ocean waters are infiltrating. Under climate change, fresh water from melting glaciers and other sources will make the Southern Oceans surface layer less dense, which might mean fewer polynyas in the future. In a stroke of scientific luck, a big one appeared for the first time in decades. Will this ever be confirmed, given the iron grip on exploration now exercised by governments? The ICESat satellite used lasers to precisely measure the elevation of Antarctic ice. It became the ozone hole and it seems to me that it certainly made it easier to reach a greater part of the public by having a simple key word that you could describe it by. The harvesting of fish and plant life are also affected. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. Animal life was not what scientists were expecting to find in the pitch-black seawater beneath almost half a mile of floating Antarctic ice, but it seems to have found a way with the discovery of sea creatures living in the extreme environment. Photograph by Herbert G. Ponting, Nat Geo Image Collection, One of Earth's loneliest volcanoes holds an extraordinary secret. Fricker's breakthrough opened up the possibility of tracking the lake system over time. This machine generated a powerful jet of hot water, which they used to melt two narrow holes, each a few inches across, more than 1,100 feet down to the bottom of the ice. Multiple rounds went into the front bedroom. Eco-friendly burial alternatives, explained. Environment | News releases | Research | Science, The hole in the sea ice offshore of the Antarctic coast as seen by a NASA satellite on Sept. 25, 2017.NASA Worldview/NASA Blue Marble. Heres why each season begins twice. So, I eventually worked up all the missing years and was able to show it was systematic and if youve got something systematic, there has to be something real going on. "ICESat-2 is like putting on your glasses after using ICESat: The data are such high precision that we can really start to map out the lake boundaries on the surface," Siegfried said. According to this account, Operation HighJump, the biggest exploration ever to target the Antarctic, was organized to erase the Nazi presence at the south pole. We may earn a commission from links on this page. The 2021 Antarctic ozone hole reached its maximum area on Oct. 7 and ranks 13th largest since 1979. Ravishankara, A. R. & Hanson, D. R. J. Geophys. Meanwhile, the lakes beneath Academy Glacier drained between 2009 and 2018. Campbell joined the UW as a graduate student in 2016 to better understand this mysterious phenomenon. Chem. Update: This article has been updated to clarify that the cyclone in question formed in the Weddell sea, but migrated east over the Lazarev sea where it generated a polynya. Past the South Pole is the great unknown. Byrd was an heroic figure, lauded worldwide as an American pilot, polar explorer, and organizer of polar logistics. On the 19th of September, 1947, the American explorer, Admiral Richard Byrd flew to the South Pole. At 12:10 a.m. Tuesday, one pilots crash pad became a crime scene. Only twice before have humans pierced the deep interior of the Ross Ice Shelf to study its underlying ocean. A hole the size of Maine has opened in the wintertime sea ice surrounding Antarctica. In February 19, 1947, Rear Admiral Richard Byrd was the Navy official in charge of a gigantic operation in the Arctic, which we have alluded to as Operation HighJump. All of these changes are puzzle pieces in scientists' understanding of the speed and direction of Antarctica's ice sheet flow. 4, 741749 (2011). A UFO whistleblower claims he saw the entrance to a top secret alien base hidden deep in the Antarctic. In the video the Navy Seal (aka Spartan 1) described the launch of his mission from an aircraft carrier voyaging near West Antarcticas Ross Sea. He was taken by helicopter to McMurdo station, the largest U.S. base in Antarctica, and then taken by ground transport to the structures location. J. Geophys. There is a hole presumably allowing a very civilization to dwell inside the world. All the ingredients for life exist beneath ice shelves, said John Priscu, a professor of polar ecology at Montana State University, who has studied life under polar ice for almost 40 years but who was not involved in the latest study. We have judged it a solved problem even though scientists dont actually expect it to go away for another 80-100 years. Broken glass was everywhere. Tom Metcalfe writes about science and space for NBC News. As we mentioned above,Admiral Richard Byrdof the United States Navy flew to the North Pole in 1926 and over the South Pole in 1929. Scherer, a micro-paleontologist now at Northern Illinois University in DeKalb, found this subglacial mud chockablock full of microscopic diatom shellsbeautiful glassy objects, reminiscent of fine vases. But to their surprise, the camera showed colonies of stationary animals attached to the rock probably sponges and related sea creatures. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles What we discovered at our Antarctic station was quite curious. In January of 1956Admiral Byrdled an expedition to the South Pole. Solomon, S., Mount, G. H., Sanders, R. W. & Schmeltekopf, A. L. J. Geophys. The study also used data from the long-running Argo ocean observing program, elephant seals that beam data back to shore, weather stations and decades of satellite images. Two SOCCOM instruments were trapped in the vortex above Maud Rise and recorded years of observations there. One of the tasks that I had when I first joined the Survey was to process the missing data. You had to learn how to find the right 9 track tape in a room full of tapes, and its really ironic to look at it today because the satellite was taking about 5 GB of data per year and at that time, when you said that, people were overwhelmingly impressed and now I think a lot of people probably run that through their smartphone every month. You cant go anywhere without getting your car broken into, said Munn, When is it going to stop? The new holes drilled through the Ross Ice Shelf also provide a more general window into the unknown. When we were working up to publishing our paper, concerns had been expressed that these CFCs might destroy the ozone layer, that exhaust gases from Concorde might destroy the ozone layer, and the general thoughts were that any destruction would probably take place at high altitude in the tropics. The geologists were more than 150 miles from the open ocean when they bored a hole through the 3,000-foot-thick ice with a hot-water drill and lowered a coring device and a video camera into the dark seawater below it. Scientists have peered into one of the least-explored swaths of ocean on Earth, a vast region located off the coast of West Antarctica. NASA Worldview/NASA Blue Marble. We thought this large hole in the sea ice known as a polynya was something that was rare, maybe a process that had gone extinct. People or creatures populating the center of the earth are some incredibly tall and very humanoid creatures that were extremely advanced. Climate change the will isnt there yet, and I fear it will take a disaster or two before that will appears. Torge Martin, a meteorologist and climate modeler at the Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research in Kiel, Germany, told Earther via email that the studys authors make a valuable contribution to explaining the occurrence of the polynya, and they are correct in arguing that the atmospheric side has been less studied in the past., This is because the preconditioning in the ocean is essential, Martin wrote. "[The size of] a cavity under a glacier plays an important role in melting," said Pietro Milillo of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. In any given year you could have several of these things happen, but unless you get them all, then you dont get a polynya.. Strahan and her colleague Anne Douglass published one of the first studies in 2018 confirming that atmospheric chlorine levels are falling in step with reduced ozone depletion over Antarctica proof that the Montreal Protocol is working.. It comes after sensational claims surfaced that NASA was hiding a "sinister secret" about the moon. A vast amount of aquatic life has its beginnings. Admiral Forrestal was the first United States Secretary of Defense and among the initial founding members of the Majestic Twelve, an elite group of powerful government and industry leaders who were tasked with keeping an eye on of all alien activity. appreciated. Farman, J. C., Gardner, B. G. & Shanklin, J. D. Nature 315, 207210 (1985). Press, 1984). Police said there are no witnesses to the shooting, no surveillance video, no suspect information or motive. In February of 1947, Rear Admiral Richard Byrd was in charge of a gigantic procedure in the Arctic that was called Operation Highjump. Live Science is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. At 12:10 a.m. Tuesday, one pilots crash pad became a crime scene. Unauthorized use is prohibited. While the boulder is located about 150 miles from the ocean, the direction of the currents beneath the ice shelf suggests the nearest plant life is up to 1,000 miles away, Griffiths said. Geologists taking sediment cores from the seafloor beneath the giant Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf on the southern edge of Antarcticas Weddell Sea discovered what biologists believe are types of sponge. It is growing at an "explosive" rate that surprised researchers conducting astudy the agency led on the glacier. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. What we call the ozone hole is a thinning of the ozone layer in the stratosphere (an upper layer of Earths atmosphere) above Antarctica that begins every September. The pocket is a sign of "rapid decay" and just one of "several disturbing discoveries" made recently regarding the glacier, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory said in a news release Wednesday. Observations show that the recent polynyas opened from a combination of factors one being the unusual ocean conditions, and the other being a series of very intense storms that swirled over the Weddell Sea with almost hurricane-force winds.. Ex-US Naval officer 'saw entrance to secret alien base in Antarctica' Molina, M. J. The inquiry that still stays is that Admiral Byrd did make a trip past the post but this flight wasnt in February of 1947. Article "The findings highlight the need for detailed observations of Antarctic glaciers' undersides in calculating how fast global sea levels will rise in response to climate change," NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory said. He was killed for his knowledge. Nature 328, 408411 (1987). 9, 21132128 (2009). Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. "The only thing we saw going over this camp was a very large hole going into the ice. Res. This is the first study to demonstrate that using e-cigarettes to vape e-liquids results in a unique inflammatory It was a bit of a disappointment to them theyd spent weeks getting there and it didnt work, said marine biologist Huw Griffiths of the British Antarctic Survey, who is the lead author of the published study. How a zoo break-in changed the life of an owl called Flaco, Naked mole rats are fertile until they die, study finds. We cant see it happening. It likely collapsed during a warm period 400,000 years ago. Total ozone has been measured at the British Antarctic Survey stations, Argentine islands and Halley Bay since 1957. Mrs Howe, who has been awarded for her paranormal investigations, said she was contacted several times by the whistleblower. The study shows that when winds surrounding Antarctica draw closer to shore, they promote stronger upward mixing in the eastern Weddell Sea. It comes as diesel drivers are being charged extra, Dead nan suffered horror face injuries in care home that left her black and blue, Agnes Donnelly, known better as Nancy, passed away a few months after the incident left the 89-year-old with a battered and bruised face at Broomfield Court Care Home in Glasgow, Prince Harry labelled 'English Borat' as he claims wife Meghan is his 'favourite smell', Prince Harry was doing another round of media recently, and made a strange and surprise appearance on The Late Show with Stephen Colbert where he answer a question about his favourite smell, Boy's Prince Harry World Book Day costume dubbed 'masterpiece' by delighted royal fans, A young lad and his mum have pulled off what must be one of the best fancy dress efforts of 2023 so far after they kitted the three-year-old up to look like the Duke of Sussex, Antiques Road Trip presenter makes jaw-dropping profit at auction on 20 item, Antiques Road Trip presenters Irita Marriott and Mark Hill couldn't hide their amazement after Mark gained eleven times what he spent on the 20 bus master signs at auction, Only people with 'extraordinary intelligence' can spot giraffe in 11 seconds, The optical illusion will test your eyesight and leave you scratching your head for a few minutes. 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